· Nitrogen is important to plant growth because it is a part of all living cells and is a necessary part of all proteins, enzymes and metabolic processes involved in the synthesis and transfer of energy. And helps plants with rapid growth, increasing seed and fruit production and improving the quality of leaf and forage crops.
· The nitrogen rich crop appears in dark green because it is a part of chlorophyll, the green pigment of the plant that is responsible for photosynthesis. Nitrogen often comes from fertilizer application and from the air.
· As microorganisms grow, they removeNH4+ and NO3-from the soil’s inorganic available-nitrogen pool, converting into organic nitrogen in a process called immobilization. When these organisms die and are decomposed by others, excess NH4+ can be released back to the inorganic pool in a process call mineralization.
· The quantity of inorganic nitrogen available for crop use often depends on the amount of mineralization occurring, and the balance between mineralization and immobilization.
· Ammonium ions immobilized or taken up quickly by higher plants are usually converted rapidly to NO3-ions by a process called nitrification. This is a two step process, during which bacteria called Nitrosomonas convert NH4+ to nitrite NO2-, and then other bacteria, Nitrobacter, convert the NO2-to NO3-.
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